རི་ཆུའི་རིག་གནས་དབྱིན་འགྱུར།landscape culture -གངས་ལྗོངས་ཤེས་རིག་ནོར་བུའི་སློབ་གླིང་།»བརྩམས་ཆོས་པར་འདེབ་པར་ངོས།

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known as the "Chinese Water Tower". "Roof of the World" and "Top of the Earth". It is the cold source. ecological source. water source.life source，and civilization source of China and the world. and it is related to China's ecological security The resources with prominent advantages of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are ecological and environmental resources, and the most promising development of ecological and environmental resources is tourism resources. Since the 1980. the tourism industry on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has Rapid ascension. The total income of the tourism industry in the total national economic output has continued to rise. The overall industry growth rate is higher than the national average, and it has truly become a "sunshine industry." But, the tourism industry on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is still in its initial stage. There are small-scale industries. unreasonable structures， poor business efficiency, lack of development funds, and wanton development of tourism due to lack of awareness or scientific planning. Eco-environmental resources and other issues. The use of ecological and environmental resources in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to develop modern eco-environment products such as tourism is in line with the policy direction of strengthening the traditional service industries such as ecological protection and tourism in the western development strategy, and is in line with the implementation of the scientific development concept and the strengthening of river sources in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. The specific requirements for ecological protection in the region must be based on its special ecological status and the regional function of China's ecological barriers. The premise is conducive to ecological environmental protection, tourism promotes development, and development promotes environmental protection. First, we must protect the natural ecological environment. At present, eco-tourism, cultural tourism, adventure tourism and desert tourism are emerging around the world. The Tibetan Plateau has everything in these respects. Tibet has Five 4A-level tourist attractions, Eight 3A-level tourist attractions, 3 national-level scenic spots, and 4 world natural and cultural heritage sites. In the 2005 《China National Geographic 》magazine ’s "The most Beautiful Place in China" selection campaign, among the top ten famous mountains in China, there are the Nanga Bawa Peak, Everest, Gang Rinpoche Peak , Gongga Mountain in Sichuan , Xian Nai Ri 仙乃日 (Taocheng Three spirit Mountain), Mount Emei, Sichuan. Meili Snow Mountain, Yunnan . Qiaogori Peak Xinjiang etc eight others. It spans multiple latitudes and has a variety of terrains, from extremely high points to extremely low points on land. It not only has subtropical reckless jungles and beautiful wonderland lakes, a sea of changing clouds and super-spectacularity mountains, but also the Yellow River, The birthplace of the Chang jiang River and the turbulent and mighty Lancang River, Jinsha River, Nu River, Min River, Yalong River, Yarlung Zangbo River and other large rivers, the Yarlung Zangbo River turn and countless unique landforms such as the Xueling Ice Peak. However, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's natural environment is extremely fragile, and it is one of the few "last cleansing pure land" left by human beings, with an average altitude of more than 4,000 meters. Mountains, deserts, and sandy plain account for about 3/4 of the total area. In recent years, Animaqing Mountain, Nianqing Tanggula Mountain, Danghe North and South Mountains, Geart snow Mountain, Transparent Mengke Glacier, Maya Snow Mountain and Qi Yi Glacier have obvious increased the snow line; Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, and Xinjiang Lakes in some areas have dried up and shrunk, leading official of the World Wildlife Fund Global Climate Change Program Jennifer Morgain’s Said . while some lakes in Tibet are storing up water. "The rapid melting of the Himalaya glaciers will greatly increase river water volume and cause widespread flooding. But the level of water in some rivers will decrease, meaning it will give The people of Asia pose serious economic and environmental problems. " When developing tourism, we must effectively protect these natural ecological environments. On August 4, 2004, the "Xining Evening News" published an article "Several academicians of the two academies urged that luxury cruise ships would destroy Qinghai Lake." The reason why the academicians stopped jointly was that they were worried about wanton exploitation of natural resources and damage to the ecological environment. In 2005, the central government invested 7.5 billion yuan to protect the three river sources in Qinghai, and the ban on the mining of placer gold mines in the Tibet Autonomous Region from January 1, 2006 was also for the protection of natural ecology. Second, we must protect the cultural landscape and cultural heritage. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau includes both the Potala Palace, a world cultural treasure, as well as the large-scale temple groups such as Tashilunbu Temple, Labrang Temple, and Kumbum Temple, Karuo site, Gaxue Rock Paintings, Kamado tower, Renda The cultural remains such as cliff carvings, Yongbulakang, Jiangzi HangYing sites, and the "Three Treasures" of Ganzi, unique cultural landscapes, rich folk customs and splendid religious culture complement each other and attract tourists as much as natural scenery. Life customs, living styles, cultural customs and folk festivals in various places are also diverse, showing different styles and diverse humanistic customs. Humanity is carried by nature, which penetrates into nature and is reflected through nature. The Tibetan life concept contains a humanistic and caring ecological view that respects nature, respects nature, respects creation, cares for life, and lives in harmony with nature. The activities such as "turning the mountain" in the year of the horse and "turning the lake in the year of the sheep" are large-scale, lively, extraordinary, rich and romantic human landscapes and magnificent and colorful natural landscapes, which have become the "mysterious heaven" for tourists. It is necessary to fully excavate and sort out the outstanding historical and cultural heritage in various places and the myths, stories and legends spread by the folks to add more cultural connotation to the human landscape; prevent the random construction of temples in some natural attractions, excessively mold Buddha statues, pretend to be gods, make fake artifacts, and fabricate "Story" and "myth" to damage the human environment and deceive foreign tourists. The reason why the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is "pure land" and "holy land" is not only caused by geographical factors, but also its profound cultural heritage. Third, we must safeguard the vital interests of the local people. Maintaining the interests of the local people and improving the living standards of the local people is used as a criterion for measuring the effectiveness of ecological protection and tourism development to ensure the healthy development of the tourism industry. Scientifically use the economic benefits generated by tourism to reasonably return to the ecological environment protection itself and improve the local people's living standards. In combination with the requirements of creating resource-saving and environment-friendly requirements, we should vigorously advocate green tourism with moderate consumption. Use "May 1st", "11th" and the Spring Festival holiday to encourage the masses to develop Tibetan survival experience tours and Tibetan farming tours suitable for local characteristics. It is necessary to guide the local people to establish a scientific, harmonious, and economical outlook on development, to avoid unrestricted destruction of local resources, and to devote all their efforts to development. Fourth, a win-win situation of ecology and efficiency is the prerequisite. The well-known international travel consultancy expert Verbeek said: "The tourism giants and related people need to understand the simple truth that in tourism marketing, creating popularity and promoting environmental protection, friendly and safe destination image is the paramount pursuit . "To maintain the authenticity and integrity of tourist destinations and minimize unnecessary infrastructure construction. The infrastructure of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is backward, and artificial buildings and artificial landscapes imposed on natural resources will not only add any “added value” to natural landscapes and natural ecosystems, but will reduce their value as natural capital. According to the requirements of optimized development, key development, restricted development and prohibited development, attention should be paid to the characteristics of ecologically fragile areas, environmentally sensitive areas, and precious natural and human landscapes. Strict protection measures should be adopted to protect development while strengthening pollution prevention and control in tourist areas. With the construction of ecological protection facilities, improve the capacity of tourism management and environmental management. The government of the place where the tourism destination is located shall carry out environmental impact assessment according to the requirements of sustainable development, formulate tourism development planning and management measures, and take the ecological environmental protection objectives as the main performance evaluation criteria. The tourism resource management department shall effectively assume the responsibilities of the management and supervisor of the tourism industry development, strictly monitor the development behavior of the operators according to the plan that has passed the environmental impact assessment, and do a good job of the harmonious development of the tourism development zone and surrounding communities and the use of tourism. Industry income feeds the environment. Under the supervision of the management department, the operator of the tourist scenic area shall scientifically develop according to the plan and control a reception ceiling based on the tourist load of the scenic area. Fifth, we must focus on harmonious regional development. After the 1990s, the general trend of world economic development was regionalization and blockiness. The Tibetan autonomous prefectures distributed in Qing, Gan, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces are not only connected together, but also integrated with the Tibet Autonomous Region, forming a tourism economic circle. According to the requirements of the "five overall planning", to adapt to the needs of the economic development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, to adapt to local conditions and conditions, Tibet, Qing, Gan, Xin, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan and other provinces and regions join forces to jointly develop Kangba and Yunnan-Tibet Circular tourist routes such as the customs line, the Yunnan-Tibet-Tibet Triangle Tourist Line, and the Three Rivers Parallel Scenic Tourist Line. The comprehensive development of regional tourism resources and the great development of the regional tourism industry need the support of multiple tourism brands. In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau tourism development, well-known brands such as Jiuzhaigou and Shangri-La have been formed, and they have also set off tourism climaxes in their respective provinces and regions, which have contributed to the development of the local economy. As far as economic development is concerned, its role is extremely weak. Through the establishment of cross-regional enterprise groups, brands such as "Shangri-La, Tea-horse Road, Qinghai-Tibet Railway Tourist Belt" and "Snowy Areas, Nationalities, Traditional Cultures" will be used to gain a competitive advantage in the market with a common resource advantage Thus forming the overall regional competitive advantage. It is necessary to solve the problem of "hibernation" of the regional tourism resource of "5th to 9th (May to September)". Tourism "hibernation" is idle resources. The high-altitude geographical environment and the low-temperature and windy plateau climate do have some impact on the tourism development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, but the tourism resources such as cultural landscapes are not limited by seasons and can be developed across seasons. Through regional cooperation, we must develop tourism products with strong local and ethnic characteristics such as world roof car tours, mountaineering, religious pilgrimage, archaeology, and adventure, as well as the mysterious Tibetan Buddhist culture, Tibetan, Tu, and Sarah Folk customs and sightseeing tours make the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau tourism “four seasons to enjoy ”.